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300 Hundred Words History Essay UK was the main power in the Middle East at the end of the WWII. Their colonial holdings such as Cyprus remain intact. They also had the Persian Gulf because of the oil that was there and they formed the Anglo-Iranian Oil. Co. They had Iraq holding because of the treaties between Iraq, Jordan and Palestine. One of the most important holdings UK had was the Suez Canal in Egypt also known as the jewel of Africa. UK was in many problems after winning the war. It seems that the major issue was the financial problems after 6 years of war but US also brought problems to them but benefits too. Nationalism grew strongly that’s why India and Pakistan became independent. The British Labor Government had to solve a lot of problems too. The Arab-Israeli issue became stronger because of the implementation of the White Paper that was a statement that neither Arab and Jewish liked, that’s why the US became more involved in the region. UK´s possessions were the main reason of the development of the Cold War and the Soviet interest in the region. Arabs responded UK with fight actions during the war. Many underground groups became involved in the war like the Hebrew´s groups of resistance such as Lehi, Irgun and Haganah. All around the world the Pro-Jewish sentiment grew because of the large number of immigrants and displaced people that were in the hole planet that´s why Jews required the attention of the ASAP.